VANETs Lab

Funding Agencies: Department of Science & Technology (DST), Government of India
Name of Principal Investigator(PI): Dr. Debasis Das

In order to ensure the efficiency of the various systems that make up a smart city, it is imperative that there exist protocols that maintain robust connectivity and allow secure and fast information transfer between the IoT devices involved in the communication process. One of the important needs comes from bandwidth allocation to IoT devices. As IoT devices are expected to grow in large numbers, it will be difficult to allocate spectrum bands to these devices. Fixed spectrum assignment policy requires the cost to purchase spectrum therefore spectrum assignment for such a large number of devices can create unnecessary expenditures. Also, the number of licensed users also called Primary Users i.e., PUs will also increase, and the spectrum is a limited resource that will not be able to fulfill the future demands. Since traditional communication techniques do not support spectrum sharing using opportunistic spectrum access, CRNs can be one of the potential solutions and facilities in all of these situations using dynamic spectrum access. Hence, CRN enabled IoT may perceive the spectrum environment and fulfill the spectrum demand of IoT applications. LTE and 5G network has some drawbacks of outreach in the urban area, but with the CRN framework, we can use different frequency to reach the maximum number of devices and users.

Funding Agencies: Science & Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology(DST), New Delhi, Govt. of India, India.
Name of Principal Investigator(PI): Dr. Debasis Das

There is a serious mismatch between the growing traffic volume and the availability of resources to support the traffic. Some of the important reasons for this mismatch are rapid development of our economy, increased affordability of our society, multiple vehicles per family, and so on. We believe that the mismatch will continue to grow and adversely affect our traffic infrastructure unless efficient traffic management solutions that include security are developed and deployed. This proposal is a step in this direction. The end product of our research will be an efficient secured traffic management scheme which will deploy a significant amount of automation in a cost-effective manner. Since the communication component of our scheme will use a mixture of wired and wireless channels, our security mechanism will protect it from security threats which will bound to happen. Our investigation and solution development will keep in mind the state of our transport fabric (city roads, highways, intersections, etc.) and traffic management policies to make our solution deployable.

Funding Agencies: SEED Grant, IIT Jodhpur, India.
Name of Principal Investigator(PI): Dr. Debasis Das

The IoV can be considered as a convergence of the mobile Internet and the traditional IoT. As a huge network of interactions, IoV technology refers to dynamic mobile communication systems or models that communicate between vehicles and other objects using V2V (vehicle-to-vehicle), V2R (vehicle-to-road), V2I (vehicle-to-infrastructure), V2B (vehicle -to-building), V2H (vehicle-to-home), V2X (vehicle-to-everything), V2G (vehicle-to-grid), and V2H (vehicle-to-home) interactions. It also allows information exchanges between V2D (vehicle-to-device), V2S (vehicle-to-sensor) and D2D (device-to-device) within a vehicle. Deployment of the IoV in smart cities enables information sharing and the gathering of Big data information on vehicles, roads, infrastructure, buildings, and their surroundings. The IoV ecosystem can provide services for intelligent transportation applications to guide and supervise vehicles, and provide abundant multimedia and mobile Internet application services.

Funding Agencies: BITS Pilani-K.K. Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinaga, Goa, India.
Name of Principal Investigator(PI): Dr. Debasis Das

In this era of modern technology, the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is rapidly growing technology. The IoV provides intelligent transportation systems (ITS) by magnifying the capabilities of the vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) using the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT). In IoV vehicles, roadside units (RSU), infrastructure are interconnected and exchange information with minimum or zero human intervention. This autonomous nature of IoV requires strong authentication for each entity to recognize each other, as well as these entities, should ensure the integrity of the exchanged information. Otherwise, this autonomy will attract malicious users and malicious activity. Due to the dynamic nature of the IoV network, it is almost impossible to solve the security issue with the centralized authentication system. To solve this problem, in this paper, we propose a Blockchain-enabled secure communication and authentication method for the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), called IoVChain. We have used cryptographic functions (i.e., elliptic curve digital signature algorithm (ECDSA), secure hash algorithm (SHA256)) in combination with blockchain concept for secure communication, securing stored data and authentication of participating IoV devices (e.g., vehicles). We evaluate experimental results by comparing IoVChain with the existing state-of-the-art scheme, and the outcomes exhibit that the proposed scheme improved performance in terms of reducing computational time, storage requirements, and communication cost of IoV. Security analysis exhibits the strength of the scheme against various security attacks.

Funding Agencies: BITS Pilani-K.K. Birla Goa Campus, Zuarinaga, Goa, India.
Name of Principal Investigator(PI): Dr. Debasis Das

VANET is an important component of Inter-vehicular communication (IVC) which is an emerging research area that has the potential to contribute to traffic safety. It helps to establish inter-vehicle communication for synchronizing their movement, especially at the road intersections. Many IVC applications have the common need for fast multihop message propagation, including information such as position, direction, and speed. Thus, like many other data-intensive systems (banks, defence organizations, etc.), it is crucial for IVC to be resilient to security attacks. Since hackers have abounded, we make this issue as one of the major research and development components of this proposal. We summarize the objective of the proposal as “To investigate the V2V(Vehicle-to-Vehicle) network infrastructure and develop a secured, trustworthy and reliable scheme to achieve secured V2V communication”.

Funding Agencies: Aditya Birla Group, India.
Name of Principal Investigator(PI): Dr. Debasis Das

Recently, the usage of Internet of things (IoT) devices has been extensively increased in real-life applications, because these devices help to increase decision making capability and reduce human effort, energy requirement, and time to complete different tasks. Further, the vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) offers many safety and non-safety applications for nearby individuals and objects, which has revolutionized in vehicular communication systems. Consequentially, the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) came into the picture in which various IoT devices and VANET components are connected to exchange data (e.g., real-time traffic, vehicle service and update, driving behaviour, advertisement, toll payment credentials, usage-based insurance, etc.) on the fly. However, we think that we can enhance IoV architecture by connecting different technological systems to develop new smart city applications and to have cutting-edge business opportunities.

Funding Agencies: Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, India.
Name of Co-Investigator(Co-PI): Dr. Debasis Das

Funding Agencies: CETSD Campus Sustainability Program, MHRD, Government of India.
Name of Co-Investigator(Co-PI): Dr. Debasis Das

Funding Agencies: IMRG, MHRD, Government of India.
Name of Principal Investigator(PI): Dr. Debasis Das

Funding Agencies: Tata Consultancy Services(TCS)
Name of Co-Investigator(Co-PI): Dr. Debasis Das

Funding Agencies: DST-SERB, India.
Name of Principal Investigator(PI): Dr. Debasis Das

The concept of vehicular Adhoc networks(VANETs) has a high level of connectivity to vehicles and, along with novel Onboard Unit(OBU) computing and sensing technologies, serve as a key enabler of smart transportation systems (ITS). This new generation of VANETs and Internet of Vehicles(IoV) networks will ultimately have a profound impact on the society, making every day travelling safer for drivers as well as passengers, greener, more efficient, more secure, and comfortable. Along with recent advances in a wide range of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning(ML) technologies, it is helping pave the road to autonomous driving in the advent of the 5G and beyond networks. In VANETs, the V2V, V2R and V2I communication based on the DSRC (IEEE 802.11p) protocols. To address the limitations of IEEE 802.11p based technologies and leverage the high penetration rate of cellular networks, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) has started to investigate supporting vehicle-to-everything (V2X) services in the long term evolution (LTE) network and the future 5G and beyond networks. As a prevailing approach to AI, machine learning, in particular deep learning, has drawn considerable attention in recent years due to its astonishing progress in such areas as image classification, Driving Pattern classification, and video game playing. It helps build intelligent systems to operate in complicated environments and has found many successful applications in computer vision, and AR/VR. Machine learning develops efficient methods to model and analyzes large volumes of data by finding patterns and underlying structures and represents an effective data-driven approach to problems encountered in various scientific fields where heterogeneous types of data are available for exploitation. As a result, machine learning provides a rich set of tools that can be leveraged to exploit the data generated and stored in vehicular networks and help the network make more informed and data-driven decisions. However, how to adapt and exploit such tools to account for the distinctive characteristics of high mobility vehicular networks and serve the purpose of reliable vehicular communications remains challenging and represents a promising research direction.